<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" class="svg no-js">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <!--[if IE ]>
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge,chrome=1" />
    <![endif]-->
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <meta name="Language" content="en">

    <title>MySQL :: MySQL 8.0 Reference Manual :: 6.2.4 Specifying Account Names</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="css/main-20190125.min.css" />
            <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="css/docs-20190125.min.css" />
    
    
    <link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="css/print-20190125.min.css" />

    
    
    
    
            <link rel="contents" href="index.html" title="MySQL 8.0 Reference Manual" />
<link rel="start" href="index.html" title="MySQL 8.0 Reference Manual" />
<link rel="prev" href="grant-tables.html" title="6.2.3 Grant Tables" />
<link rel="next" href="role-names.html?ff=nopfpls" title="6.2.5 Specifying Role Names" />
<link rel="up" href="access-control.html" title="6.2 Access Control and Account Management" />

    
    <link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico" />
    <script>(function(H){ H.className=H.className.replace(/\bno-js\b/,'js') })(document.documentElement)</script>
    <script src="js/site-20181120.min.js"></script>

    
    
    
    <!--[if lt IE 9]>
        <script src="https://labs.mysql.com/common/js/polyfills/html5shiv-printshiv-3.7.2.min.js"></script>
        <script src="https://labs.mysql.com/common/js/polyfills/respond-1.4.2.min.js"></script>
    <![endif]-->
        <!--[if IE 9]>
        <style>#docs-sidebar-toc { box-sizing: content-box; }</style>
    <![endif]-->
    </head>

<body class="no-sidebar full-page dev">
<div class="page-wrapper">
    <header>

                        <a href="https://dev.mysql.com/" aria-label="Home" title="MySQL" id="l1-home-link"></a>
        
        <div id="l1-nav-container">
            <div id="l1-line1">
                <div id="l1-auth-links">
                    <a href="https://www.mysql.com/about/contact/"><b>Contact MySQL</b></a>
                    <span id="l1-contact-separator">&nbsp;|&nbsp;</span>
                    <span id="l1-contact-separator-br"><br /></span>
                                             <a href="https://dev.mysql.com/auth/login/?dest=https%3A%2F%2Fdev.mysql.com%2Fdoc%2Frefman%2F8.0%2Fen%2Faccount-names.html">Login</a> &nbsp;|&nbsp;
                         <a href="https://dev.mysql.com/auth/register/">Register</a>
                                    </div>
                <div id="l1-lhs">
                    <div id="l1-slogan">
                        The world's most popular open source database
                    </div>
                    <div id="l1-search-box">
                        <form id="l1-search-form" method="get" action="https://www.oracle.com/search/results">
                        <input type="hidden" name="cat" value="mysql" />
                        <input type="hidden" name="Ntk" value="SI-ALL5" />
                        <input id="l1-search-input" type="search" class="icon-search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search" name="Ntt" />
                        </form>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div id="l1-line2">
                <div class="social-icons">
                    <a aria-label="Join us on Facebook" title="Join us on Facebook" href="http://www.facebook.com/mysql"><span class="icon-facebook"></span></a>
                    <a aria-label="Follow us on Twitter" title="Follow us on Twitter" href="https://twitter.com/mysql"><span class="icon-twitter"></span></a>
                    <a aria-label="Follow us on LinkedIn" title="Follow us on LinkedIn" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/mysql"><span class="icon-linkedin"></span></a>
                    <a aria-label="Visit our YouTube channel" title="Visit our YouTube channel" href="http://www.youtube.com/mysqlchannel"><span class="icon-youtube"></span></a>
                </div>
                <ul id="l1-nav">
                    <li>
                        <a href="https://www.mysql.com/"><!-- <span class="icon-sakila"></span>  -->MySQL.com</a>
                    </li><li>
                        <a href="https://www.mysql.com/downloads/"><!-- <span class="icon-download-thin"></span>  -->Downloads</a>
                    </li><li class="active">
                        <a href="/doc/"><!-- <span class="icon-books"></span>  -->Documentation</a>
                    </li><li>
                        <a href="/"><!-- <span class="icon-code"></span>  -->Developer Zone</a>
                    </li>                </ul>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div id="sub-header">
            <div id="l2-nav-container">
                <div id="l2-nav-toggle">
                    <span class="icon-three-bars"></span>
                </div>
                                                                                        <a class="button nav-button-3" href="/"><span class="icon-code"></span> Developer Zone</a>
                                                                                                                                    <a class="button nav-button-2" href="https://www.mysql.com/downloads/"><span class="icon-download-thin"></span> Downloads</a>
                                                                                                <a class="button nav-button-1" href="https://www.mysql.com/"><span class="icon-sakila"></span> MySQL.com</a>
                                                                        <div id="l2-search-toggle">
                    <span class="icon-search"></span>
                </div>
                <div id="l2-site-icon">
                                                                                                                                                                                                    <span class="icon-books"></span>
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        </div>
                <div id="l1-section-title">
                    <span id="l1-section-label">
                        <a href="/doc/">Documentation</a>
                    </span>
                </div>
                <nav>
                    

<ul id="l2-nav">
            	<li class="active"><a class="active " href="/doc/refman/en/">MySQL Server</a>
    			</li>
	        	<li class=""><a  href="/doc/index-enterprise.html">MySQL Enterprise</a>
    			</li>
	        	<li class=""><a  href="/doc/workbench/en/">Workbench</a>
    			</li>
	        	<li class=""><a  href="/doc/en/mysql-innodb-cluster-userguide.html">InnoDB Cluster</a>
    			</li>
	        	<li class=""><a  href="/doc/index-cluster.html">MySQL NDB Cluster</a>
    			</li>
	        	<li class=""><a  href="/doc/index-connectors.html">Connectors</a>
    			</li>
	        	<li class=" last"><a  href="/doc/index-other.html">More</a>
    			</li>
	                        <li class="other-section"><a href="https://www.mysql.com/">MySQL.com</a></li>
                            <li class="other-section"><a href="https://www.mysql.com/downloads/">Downloads</a></li>
                                        <li class="other-section"><a href="/">Developer Zone</a></li>
            </ul>
                </nav>
            </div>
            <div id="l3-search-container"></div>
            <div id="top-orange"><span id="section-nav">Section Menu: &nbsp; </span></div>
        </div>
    </header>
        <div id="page">
                        <div role="main" id="main">

            
                
            
<div>
    <div id="docs-sidebar-toc" class="">
    <div id="docs-toc-inner">
        <div class="docs-sidebar-header" id="docs-nav-header">
            <a class="docs-show-hide-nav" id="docs-hide-nav" href="" title="Hide Sidebar" aria-label="Hide Sidebar"><span class="icon-arrow-small-left"></span></a>
            <div class="docs-nav-links">
                                    
    <a href="grant-tables.html"
        aria-label="Previous" title="Previous: Grant Tables"><span
        class="icon-chevron-left"></span></a>
<a href="index.html" aria-label="Start" title="Start"><span class="icon-book-open"></span></a>
        <a aria-label="Up" href="access-control.html" title="Up: Access Control and Account Management"><span class="icon-chevron-up"></span></a>
    <a href="role-names.html" aria-label="Next"
        title="Next: Specifying Role Names"><span
        class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a>
                            </div>
        </div>
                    
<div id="docs-sidebar-search-container">
    <div id="docs-sidebar-search-box">
        <form method="get" action="/mysql-manual/search-page">
            <input type="hidden" name="d" id="d" value="201" />
            <input type="hidden" name="p" id="p" value="1" />
            <input type="text" name="keyword" id="q" title="Search this Manual"
                value=""
                style="color: #bbb;"
                onfocus=""
                onblur="" />

            <button class="docs-sidebar-search-btn" aria-label="Search" title="Search" type="submit">
                <span class="icon-search"></span>
            </button>
        </form>
    </div>
</div>
                <div class="docs-sidebar-nav">
            <a class="docs-icon-home" href="/doc/"><span class="icon-home"></span>Documentation Home</a><hr />
            <div class="docs-sidebar-mtitle">MySQL 8.0 Reference Manual</div>
            <nav class="doctoc" id="doc-201">
                                    
    <ul>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="preface.html">Preface and Legal Notices</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="introduction.html">General Information</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="installing.html">Installing and Upgrading MySQL</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="tutorial.html">Tutorial</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="programs.html">MySQL Programs</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="server-administration.html">MySQL Server Administration</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable  loaded" aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-down"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="security.html">Security</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu">
                                    
    <ul>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable  loaded" aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="general-security-issues.html">General Security Issues</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                                    
    <ul>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="security-guidelines.html">Security Guidelines</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable  loaded" aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="password-security.html">Keeping Passwords Secure</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                                    
    <ul>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="password-security-user.html">End-User Guidelines for Password Security</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="password-security-admin.html">Administrator Guidelines for Password Security</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="password-logging.html">Passwords and Logging</a></div></div>                    </li>
        </ul>
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="security-against-attack.html">Making MySQL Secure Against Attackers</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="security-options.html">Security-Related mysqld Options and Variables</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="changing-mysql-user.html">How to Run MySQL as a Normal User</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="load-data-local.html">Security Issues with LOAD DATA LOCAL</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="secure-client-programming.html">Client Programming Security Guidelines</a></div></div>                    </li>
        </ul>
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable  loaded" aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-down"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="access-control.html">Access Control and Account Management</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu">
                                    
    <ul>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="user-names.html">Account User Names and Passwords</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="privileges-provided.html">Privileges Provided by MySQL</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="grant-tables.html">Grant Tables</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link current"><a href="account-names.html">Specifying Account Names</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="role-names.html">Specifying Role Names</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="connection-access.html">Access Control, Stage 1: Connection Verification</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="request-access.html">Access Control, Stage 2: Request Verification</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="creating-accounts.html">Adding Accounts, Assigning Privileges, and Dropping Accounts</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="reserved-users.html">Reserved Accounts</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="roles.html">Using Roles</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="account-categories.html">Account Categories</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="partial-revokes.html">Privilege Restriction Using Partial Revokes</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="privilege-changes.html">When Privilege Changes Take Effect</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="assigning-passwords.html">Assigning Account Passwords</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="password-management.html">Password Management</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="expired-password-handling.html">Server Handling of Expired Passwords</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="pluggable-authentication.html">Pluggable Authentication</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="proxy-users.html">Proxy Users</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="account-locking.html">Account Locking</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="user-resources.html">Setting Account Resource Limits</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="problems-connecting.html">Troubleshooting Problems Connecting to MySQL</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="account-activity-auditing.html">SQL-Based Account Activity Auditing</a></div></div>                    </li>
        </ul>
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable  loaded" aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="encrypted-connections.html">Using Encrypted Connections</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                                    
    <ul>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="using-encrypted-connections.html">Configuring MySQL to Use Encrypted Connections</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable  loaded" aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="creating-ssl-rsa-files.html">Creating SSL and RSA Certificates and Keys</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                                    
    <ul>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="creating-ssl-rsa-files-using-mysql.html">Creating SSL and RSA Certificates and Keys using MySQL</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="creating-ssl-files-using-openssl.html">Creating SSL Certificates and Keys Using openssl</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="creating-rsa-files-using-openssl.html">Creating RSA Keys Using openssl</a></div></div>                    </li>
        </ul>
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="ssl-libraries.html">SSL Library-Dependent Capabilities</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="building-with-encrypted-connection-support.html">Building MySQL with Support for Encrypted Connections</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="encrypted-connection-protocols-ciphers.html">Encrypted Connection Protocols and Ciphers</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="windows-and-ssh.html">Connecting to MySQL Remotely from Windows with SSH</a></div></div>                    </li>
        </ul>
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable  loaded" aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="security-plugins.html">Security Components and Plugins</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                                    
    <ul>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable  loaded" aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="authentication-plugins.html">Authentication Plugins</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                                    
    <ul>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="native-pluggable-authentication.html">Native Pluggable Authentication</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="sha256-pluggable-authentication.html">SHA-256 Pluggable Authentication</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="caching-sha2-pluggable-authentication.html">Caching SHA-2 Pluggable Authentication</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="cleartext-pluggable-authentication.html">Client-Side Cleartext Pluggable Authentication</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="pam-pluggable-authentication.html">PAM Pluggable Authentication</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="windows-pluggable-authentication.html">Windows Pluggable Authentication</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="ldap-pluggable-authentication.html">LDAP Pluggable Authentication</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="no-login-pluggable-authentication.html">No-Login Pluggable Authentication</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="socket-pluggable-authentication.html">Socket Peer-Credential Pluggable Authentication</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="test-pluggable-authentication.html">Test Pluggable Authentication</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="pluggable-authentication-system-variables.html">Pluggable Authentication System Variables</a></div></div>                    </li>
        </ul>
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable  loaded" aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="connection-control.html">The Connection-Control Plugins</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                                    
    <ul>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="connection-control-installation.html">Connection-Control Plugin Installation</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="connection-control-variables.html">Connection-Control System and Status Variables</a></div></div>                    </li>
        </ul>
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable  loaded" aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="validate-password.html">The Password Validation Component</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                                    
    <ul>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="validate-password-installation.html">Password Validation Component Installation and Uninstallation</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="validate-password-options-variables.html">Password Validation Options and Variables</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="validate-password-transitioning.html">Transitioning to the Password Validation Component</a></div></div>                    </li>
        </ul>
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable  loaded" aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="keyring.html">The MySQL Keyring</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                                    
    <ul>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="keyring-installation.html">Keyring Plugin Installation</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="keyring-file-plugin.html">Using the keyring_file File-Based Plugin</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="keyring-encrypted-file-plugin.html">Using the keyring_encrypted_file Keyring Plugin</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="keyring-okv-plugin.html">Using the keyring_okv KMIP Plugin</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="keyring-aws-plugin.html">Using the keyring_aws Amazon Web Services Keyring Plugin</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="keyring-key-migration.html">Migrating Keys Between Keyring Keystores</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="keyring-key-types.html">Supported Keyring Key Types</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="keyring-udfs-general-purpose.html">General-Purpose Keyring Key-Management Functions</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="keyring-udfs-plugin-specific.html">Plugin-Specific Keyring Key-Management Functions</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="keyring-options.html">Keyring Command Options</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="keyring-system-variables.html">Keyring System Variables</a></div></div>                    </li>
        </ul>
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable  loaded" aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="audit-log.html">MySQL Enterprise Audit</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                                    
    <ul>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="audit-log-components.html">Audit Log Components</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="audit-log-installation.html">Installing or Uninstalling MySQL Enterprise Audit</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="audit-log-security.html">MySQL Enterprise Audit Security Considerations</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="audit-log-file-formats.html">Audit Log File Formats</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="audit-log-logging-configuration.html">Audit Log Logging Configuration</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="audit-log-filtering.html">Audit Log Filtering</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="audit-log-legacy-filtering.html">Legacy Mode Audit Log Filtering</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="audit-log-reference.html">Audit Log Reference</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="audit-log-restrictions.html">Audit Log Restrictions</a></div></div>                    </li>
        </ul>
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="audit-api-message-emit.html">The Audit Message Component</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable  loaded" aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="firewall.html">MySQL Enterprise Firewall</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                                    
    <ul>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="firewall-components.html">MySQL Enterprise Firewall Components</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="firewall-installation.html">Installing or Uninstalling MySQL Enterprise Firewall</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="firewall-usage.html">Using MySQL Enterprise Firewall</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="firewall-reference.html">MySQL Enterprise Firewall Reference</a></div></div>                    </li>
        </ul>
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable  loaded" aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="data-masking.html">MySQL Enterprise Data Masking and De-Identification</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                                    
    <ul>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="data-masking-components.html">MySQL Enterprise Data Masking and De-Identification Components</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="data-masking-installation.html">Installing or Uninstalling MySQL Enterprise Data Masking and De-Identification</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="data-masking-usage.html">Using MySQL Enterprise Data Masking and De-Identification</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="data-masking-reference.html">MySQL Enterprise Data Masking and De-Identification User-Defined Function Reference</a></div></div>                    </li>
        </ul>
                            </div>
                    </li>
        </ul>
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="fips-mode.html">FIPS Support</a></div></div>                    </li>
        </ul>
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="backup-and-recovery.html">Backup and Recovery</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="optimization.html">Optimization</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="language-structure.html">Language Structure</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="charset.html">Character Sets, Collations, Unicode</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="data-types.html">Data Types</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="functions.html">Functions and Operators</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="sql-syntax.html">SQL Statement Syntax</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="data-dictionary.html">MySQL Data Dictionary</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="innodb-storage-engine.html">The InnoDB Storage Engine</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="storage-engines.html">Alternative Storage Engines</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="replication.html">Replication</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="group-replication.html">Group Replication</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="mysql-shell-userguide.html">MySQL Shell</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="document-store.html">Using MySQL as a Document Store</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="mysql-innodb-cluster-userguide.html">InnoDB Cluster</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="mysql-cluster.html">MySQL NDB Cluster 8.0</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="partitioning.html">Partitioning</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="stored-objects.html">Stored Objects</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="information-schema.html">INFORMATION_SCHEMA Tables</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="performance-schema.html">MySQL Performance Schema</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="sys-schema.html">MySQL sys Schema</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="connectors-apis.html">Connectors and APIs</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="extending-mysql.html">Extending MySQL</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="mysql-enterprise.html">MySQL Enterprise Edition</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="workbench.html">MySQL Workbench</a></div></div>                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="faqs.html">MySQL 8.0 Frequently Asked Questions</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="error-handling.html">Errors, Error Codes, and Common Problems</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="restrictions.html">Restrictions and Limits</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><a class="expandable " aria-label="Subnav" href=""><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="indexes.html">Indexes</a></div></div>                        <div class="docs-submenu hidden">
                            </div>
                    </li>
            <li>
            <div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-icon"><span class="icon-dot"></span></div><div class="docs-sidebar-nav-link"><a href="glossary.html">MySQL Glossary</a></div></div>                    </li>
        </ul>
                            </nav>
        </div>

        
<a class="docs-sidebar-section" href=""><span class="icon-related"></span>
    <span class="text">Related Documentation</span></a>
<div class="docs-sidebar-accordian open">
    <div class="text">
        <a href="/doc/relnotes/mysql/8.0/en/">MySQL 8.0 Release Notes</a><br />
        <a href="/doc/dev/mysql-server/latest/">MySQL 8.0 Source Code Documentation</a><br />
        </div>
</div>

    <a class="docs-sidebar-section" href=""><span class="icon-download-thin"></span>
        <span class="text">
            Download
                            this Manual
                    </span>
    </a>
    <div class="docs-sidebar-accordian open">
        <div class="text">
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/refman-8.0-en.pdf">PDF (US Ltr)</a>
            - 46.1Mb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/refman-8.0-en.a4.pdf">PDF (A4)</a>
            - 46.1Mb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/mysql-ref-manual-8.0-en-pdf-1-20190611.noarch.rpm">PDF (RPM)</a>
            - 41.5Mb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/refman-8.0-en.html-chapter.tar.gz">HTML Download (TGZ)</a>
            - 10.6Mb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/refman-8.0-en.html-chapter.zip">HTML Download (Zip)</a>
            - 10.6Mb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/mysql-ref-manual-8.0-en-html-chapter-1-20190611.noarch.rpm">HTML Download (RPM)</a>
            - 9.1Mb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/refman-8.0-en.man-gpl.tar.gz">Man Pages (TGZ)</a>
            - 220.4Kb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/refman-8.0-en.man-gpl.zip">Man Pages (Zip)</a>
            - 325.8Kb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/mysql-8.0.info.gz">Info (Gzip)</a>
            - 4.1Mb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/mysql-8.0.info.zip">Info (Zip)</a>
            - 4.1Mb<br />
                    </div>
    </div>

<a class="docs-sidebar-section" href=""><span class="icon-book"></span>
    <span class="text">Excerpts from this Manual</span></a>
<div class="docs-sidebar-accordian">
    <div class="text">
                <a href="/doc/mysql-backup-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Backup and Recovery</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-g11n-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Globalization</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-infoschema-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Information Schema</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-installation-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Installation Guide</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-security-excerpt/8.0/en/">Security in MySQL</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-startstop-excerpt/8.0/en/">Starting and Stopping MySQL</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-linuxunix-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL and Linux/Unix</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-windows-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL and Windows</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-osx-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL and OS X</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-solaris-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL and Solaris</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-sourcebuild-excerpt/8.0/en/">Building MySQL from Source</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-reslimits-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Restrictions and Limitations</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-partitioning-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Partitioning</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-secure-deployment-guide/8.0/en/">MySQL Secure Deployment Guide</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-tutorial-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Tutorial</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-perfschema-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Performance Schema</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-replication-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Replication</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-repo-excerpt/8.0/en/">Using the MySQL Yum Repository</a><br />
            </div>
</div>

        <br /><span id="wkr"><br /></span>
    </div>
    </div>

    <div id="docs-main" class="has-toc">
    <div id="docs-main-inner">

                <div class="right" id="docs-version-nav">
            <a href="" id="docs-version-nav-toggle">version 8.0
            <span class="icon-chevron-down"></span></a>
            <div id="docs-version-list">
                                                                                            <a                         href="/doc/refman/5.7/en/account-names.html">
                        5.7
                                            </a><br />
                                                                            <a                         href="/doc/refman/5.6/en/account-names.html">
                        5.6
                                            </a><br />
                                                                            <a                         href="/doc/refman/5.5/en/account-names.html">
                        5.5
                                            </a><br />
                                                                        <div id="docs-version-nav-lang">
                                                                                                                                                    <a                                     href="/doc/refman/5.6/ja/account-names.html">
                                    5.6&nbsp;
                                                                            Japanese
                                                                    </a><br />
                                                                                            </div>
                            </div>
        </div>
        
        <div id="docs-show-nav" class="left hidden" style="margin-right: 15px;">
            <a class="docs-show-hide-nav" href="" aria-label="Show Sidebar"
                title="Show Sidebar"><span class="icon-arrow-small-right"></span></a>
        </div>

                        <div id="docs-breadcrumbs">
            <a href="/doc/refman/8.0/en/">MySQL 8.0 Reference Manual</a> &nbsp;/&nbsp;
                            <span id="breadcrumbs-link"><a href="" id="show-breadcrumbs">...</a> &nbsp;/&nbsp;</span>
                <span class="hidden" id="hidden-breadcrumbs">
                                                        <a href="security.html">Security</a> &nbsp;/&nbsp;
                                                            <a href="access-control.html">Access Control and Account Management</a> &nbsp;/&nbsp;
                                                                                        </span>
                                        Specifying Account Names
                                    </div>
        
        <div id="docs-body">
        
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a name="account-names"></a>6.2.4 Specifying Account Names</h3>

</div>

</div>

</div>
<a class="indexterm" name="idm139663230021136"></a><a class="indexterm" name="idm139663230020096"></a><a class="indexterm" name="idm139663230018608"></a><a class="indexterm" name="idm139663230017120"></a><a class="indexterm" name="idm139663230015632"></a><p>
      MySQL account names consist of a user name and a host name. This
      enables creation of accounts for users with the same name who can
      connect from different hosts. This section describes how to write
      account names, including special values and wildcard rules.
    </p><p>
      MySQL role names are similar to account names, with some
      differences described at <a class="xref" href="role-names.html" title="6.2.5 Specifying Role Names">Section 6.2.5, “Specifying Role Names”</a>.
    </p><p>
      In SQL statements such as <a class="link" href="create-user.html" title="13.7.1.3 CREATE USER Syntax"><code class="literal">CREATE
      USER</code></a>, <a class="link" href="grant.html" title="13.7.1.6 GRANT Syntax"><code class="literal">GRANT</code></a>, and
      <a class="link" href="set-password.html" title="13.7.1.10 SET PASSWORD Syntax"><code class="literal">SET PASSWORD</code></a>, account names follow
      these rules:
</p>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
          Account name syntax is
          <code class="literal">'<em class="replaceable"><code>user_name</code></em>'@'<em class="replaceable"><code>host_name</code></em>'</code>.
        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
          An account name consisting only of a user name is equivalent
          to
          <code class="literal">'<em class="replaceable"><code>user_name</code></em>'@'%'</code>.
          For example, <code class="literal">'me'</code> is equivalent to
          <code class="literal">'me'@'%'</code>.
        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
          The user name and host name need not be quoted if they are
          legal as unquoted identifiers. Quotes are necessary to specify
          a <em class="replaceable"><code>user_name</code></em> string containing
          special characters (such as space or <code class="literal">-</code>), or
          a <em class="replaceable"><code>host_name</code></em> string containing
          special characters or wildcard characters (such as
          <code class="literal">.</code> or <code class="literal">%</code>) (for example,
          <code class="literal">'test-user'@'%.com'</code>).
        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
          Quote user names and host names as identifiers or as strings,
          using either backticks (<code class="literal">`</code>), single
          quotation marks (<code class="literal">'</code>), or double quotation
          marks (<code class="literal">"</code>). For string-quoting and
          identifier-quoting guidelines, see
          <a class="xref" href="string-literals.html" title="9.1.1 String Literals">Section 9.1.1, “String Literals”</a>, and
          <a class="xref" href="identifiers.html" title="9.2 Schema Object Names">Section 9.2, “Schema Object Names”</a>.
        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
          The user name and host name parts, if quoted, must be quoted
          separately. That is, write
          <code class="literal">'me'@'localhost'</code>, not
          <code class="literal">'me@localhost'</code>; the latter is actually
          equivalent to <code class="literal">'me@localhost'@'%'</code>.
        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
          A reference to the <a class="link" href="information-functions.html#function_current-user"><code class="literal">CURRENT_USER</code></a>
          or <a class="link" href="information-functions.html#function_current-user"><code class="literal">CURRENT_USER()</code></a> function is
          equivalent to specifying the current client's user name and
          host name literally.
</p></li></ul>
</div>
<p>
      MySQL stores account names in grant tables in the
      <code class="literal">mysql</code> system database using separate columns
      for the user name and host name parts:
</p>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
          The <code class="literal">user</code> table contains one row for each
          account. The <code class="literal">User</code> and
          <code class="literal">Host</code> columns store the user name and host
          name. This table also indicates which global privileges the
          account has.
        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
          Other grant tables indicate privileges an account has for
          databases and objects within databases. These tables have
          <code class="literal">User</code> and <code class="literal">Host</code> columns to
          store the account name. Each row in these tables associates
          with the account in the <code class="literal">user</code> table that has
          the same <code class="literal">User</code> and <code class="literal">Host</code>
          values.
        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
          For access-checking purposes, comparisons of User values are
          case-sensitive. Comparisons of Host values are not case
          sensitive.
</p><a class="indexterm" name="idm139663229976144"></a><a class="indexterm" name="idm139663229974656"></a></li></ul>
</div>
<p>
      For additional detail about grant table structure, see
      <a class="xref" href="grant-tables.html" title="6.2.3 Grant Tables">Section 6.2.3, “Grant Tables”</a>.
    </p><p>
      User names and host names have certain special values or wildcard
      conventions, as described following.
    </p><p>
      The user name part of an account name is either a nonblank value
      that literally matches the user name for incoming connection
      attempts, or a blank value (empty string) that matches any user
      name. An account with a blank user name is an anonymous user. To
      specify an anonymous user in SQL statements, use a quoted empty
      user name part, such as <code class="literal">''@'localhost'</code>.
    </p><p>
      The host name part of an account name can take many forms, and
      wildcards are permitted:
</p>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
          A host value can be a host name or an IP address (IPv4 or
          IPv6). The name <code class="literal">'localhost'</code> indicates the
          local host. The IP address <code class="literal">'127.0.0.1'</code>
          indicates the IPv4 loopback interface. The IP address
          <code class="literal">'::1'</code> indicates the IPv6 loopback
          interface.
        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
          <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663229965280"></a>

          The <code class="literal">%</code> and <code class="literal">_</code> wildcard
          characters are permitted in host name or IP address values.
          These have the same meaning as for pattern-matching operations
          performed with the <a class="link" href="string-comparison-functions.html#operator_like"><code class="literal">LIKE</code></a> operator.
          For example, a host value of <code class="literal">'%'</code> matches
          any host name, whereas a value of
          <code class="literal">'%.mysql.com'</code> matches any host in the
          <code class="literal">mysql.com</code> domain.
          <code class="literal">'198.51.100.%'</code> matches any host in the
          198.51.100 class C network.
        </p><p>
          Because IP wildcard values are permitted in host values (for
          example, <code class="literal">'198.51.100.%'</code> to match every host
          on a subnet), someone could try to exploit this capability by
          naming a host <code class="literal">198.51.100.somewhere.com</code>. To
          foil such attempts, MySQL does not perform matching on host
          names that start with digits and a dot. For example, if a host
          is named <code class="literal">1.2.example.com</code>, its name never
          matches the host part of account names. An IP wildcard value
          can match only IP addresses, not host names.
        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
          <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663229954192"></a>

          For a host value specified as an IPv4 address, a netmask can
          be given to indicate how many address bits to use for the
          network number. Netmask notation cannot be used for IPv6
          addresses.
        </p><p>
          The syntax is
          <code class="literal"><em class="replaceable"><code>host_ip</code></em>/<em class="replaceable"><code>netmask</code></em></code>.
          For example:
        </p><pre class="programlisting copytoclipboard line-numbers language-sql one-line"><code class="language-sql">CREATE USER 'david'@'198.51.100.0/255.255.255.0';</code></pre><p>
          This enables <code class="literal">david</code> to connect from any
          client host having an IP address
          <em class="replaceable"><code>client_ip</code></em> for which the following
          condition is true:
        </p><pre class="programlisting copytoclipboard line-numbers language-clike one-line"><code class="language-clike"><em class="replaceable">client_ip</em> &amp; <em class="replaceable">netmask</em> = <em class="replaceable">host_ip</em></code></pre><p>
          That is, for the <a class="link" href="create-user.html" title="13.7.1.3 CREATE USER Syntax"><code class="literal">CREATE USER</code></a>
          statement just shown:
        </p><pre class="programlisting copytoclipboard line-numbers language-clike one-line"><code class="language-clike"><em class="replaceable">client_ip</em> &amp; 255.255.255.0 = 198.51.100.0</code></pre><p>
          IP addresses that satisfy this condition range from
          <code class="literal">198.51.100.0</code> to
          <code class="literal">198.51.100.255</code>.
        </p><p>
          A netmask typically begins with bits set to 1, followed by
          bits set to 0. Examples:
</p>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: circle; "><li class="listitem"><p>
              <code class="literal">198.0.0.0/255.0.0.0</code>: Any host on the
              198 class A network
            </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
              <code class="literal">198.51.100.0/255.255.0.0</code>: Any host on
              the 198.51 class B network
            </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
              <code class="literal">198.51.100.0/255.255.255.0</code>: Any host on
              the 198.51.100 class C network
            </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
              <code class="literal">198.51.100.1</code>: Only the host with this
              specific IP address
</p></li></ul>
</div>
</li></ul>
</div>
<p>
      The server performs matching of host values in account names
      against the client host using the value returned by the system DNS
      resolver for the client host name or IP address. Except in the
      case that the account host value is specified using netmask
      notation, the server performs this comparison as a string match,
      even for an account host value given as an IP address. This means
      that you should specify account host values in the same format
      used by DNS. Here are examples of problems to watch out for:
</p>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
          Suppose that a host on the local network has a fully qualified
          name of <code class="literal">host1.example.com</code>. If DNS returns
          name lookups for this host as
          <code class="literal">host1.example.com</code>, use that name in account
          host values. If DNS returns just <code class="literal">host1</code>, use
          <code class="literal">host1</code> instead.
        </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
          If DNS returns the IP address for a given host as
          <code class="literal">198.51.100.2</code>, that will match an account
          host value of <code class="literal">198.51.100.2</code> but not
          <code class="literal">198.051.100.2</code>. Similarly, it will match an
          account host pattern like <code class="literal">198.51.100.%</code> but
          not <code class="literal">198.051.100.%</code>.
</p></li></ul>
</div>
<p>
      To avoid problems like these, it is advisable to check the format
      in which your DNS returns host names and addresses. Use values in
      the same format in MySQL account names.
</p>
</div>
<br />
        </div>

                <div id="docs-in-page-nav-container">
            <div id="docs-in-page-nav">
                
    <a href="grant-tables.html"
        aria-label="Previous" title="Previous: Grant Tables"><span
        class="icon-chevron-left"></span> PREV</a> &nbsp;
<a href="index.html" aria-label="Start" title="Start"> HOME</a> &nbsp;
        <a aria-label="Up" href="access-control.html" title="Up: Access Control and Account Management"> UP</a> &nbsp;
    <a href="role-names.html" aria-label="Next"
        title="Next: Specifying Role Names">NEXT <span
        class="icon-chevron-right"></span></a>
            </div>
        </div>
        
         <div id="docs-body-extra">
             
<a class="docs-sidebar-section" href=""><span class="icon-related"></span>
    <span class="text">Related Documentation</span></a>
<div class="docs-sidebar-accordian">
    <div class="text">
        <a href="/doc/relnotes/mysql/8.0/en/">MySQL 8.0 Release Notes</a><br />
        <a href="/doc/dev/mysql-server/latest/">MySQL 8.0 Source Code Documentation</a><br />
        </div>
</div>

    <a class="docs-sidebar-section" href=""><span class="icon-download-thin"></span>
        <span class="text">
            Download
                            this Manual
                    </span>
    </a>
    <div class="docs-sidebar-accordian">
        <div class="text">
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/refman-8.0-en.pdf">PDF (US Ltr)</a>
            - 46.1Mb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/refman-8.0-en.a4.pdf">PDF (A4)</a>
            - 46.1Mb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/mysql-ref-manual-8.0-en-pdf-1-20190611.noarch.rpm">PDF (RPM)</a>
            - 41.5Mb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/refman-8.0-en.html-chapter.tar.gz">HTML Download (TGZ)</a>
            - 10.6Mb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/refman-8.0-en.html-chapter.zip">HTML Download (Zip)</a>
            - 10.6Mb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/mysql-ref-manual-8.0-en-html-chapter-1-20190611.noarch.rpm">HTML Download (RPM)</a>
            - 9.1Mb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/refman-8.0-en.man-gpl.tar.gz">Man Pages (TGZ)</a>
            - 220.4Kb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/refman-8.0-en.man-gpl.zip">Man Pages (Zip)</a>
            - 325.8Kb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/mysql-8.0.info.gz">Info (Gzip)</a>
            - 4.1Mb<br />
                        <a href="https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/mysql-8.0.info.zip">Info (Zip)</a>
            - 4.1Mb<br />
                    </div>
    </div>

<a class="docs-sidebar-section" href=""><span class="icon-book"></span>
    <span class="text">Excerpts from this Manual</span></a>
<div class="docs-sidebar-accordian">
    <div class="text">
                <a href="/doc/mysql-backup-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Backup and Recovery</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-g11n-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Globalization</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-infoschema-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Information Schema</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-installation-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Installation Guide</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-security-excerpt/8.0/en/">Security in MySQL</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-startstop-excerpt/8.0/en/">Starting and Stopping MySQL</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-linuxunix-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL and Linux/Unix</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-windows-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL and Windows</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-osx-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL and OS X</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-solaris-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL and Solaris</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-sourcebuild-excerpt/8.0/en/">Building MySQL from Source</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-reslimits-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Restrictions and Limitations</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-partitioning-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Partitioning</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-secure-deployment-guide/8.0/en/">MySQL Secure Deployment Guide</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-tutorial-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Tutorial</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-perfschema-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Performance Schema</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-replication-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Replication</a><br />
                <a href="/doc/mysql-repo-excerpt/8.0/en/">Using the MySQL Yum Repository</a><br />
            </div>
</div>
         </div>

              </div>
     </div>

</div>

<script>
$(function() {
    var doc = new $.doc({ 'mobile': $.browser.mobile, 'docId': 1, 'highlight': true });
});
</script>
    

            
        </div>
    </div>

    <footer class="collapsed">
        <div id="footer-bottom">
                                    <div id="footer-collapse">
                <a href="" id="expand-footer"
                    aria-label="Expand Footer"
                    title="Expand Footer"><span
                    class="icon-plus-square"></span></a>
            </div>
                        <div class="footer-contact">
                <div id="footer-contact-icon" style="display: none;">
                    <span class="icon-call-phone"></span>
                </div>
                <div id="footer-contact-numbers" style="display: none;">
                    <strong>Contact MySQL Sales</strong><br/>
                    USA/Canada: +1-866-221-0634 &nbsp;
                    (<a href="https://www.mysql.com/about/contact/phone/">More Countries &raquo;</a>)
                </div>
                <div id="footer-contact-copyright" style="display: inline-block;">
                    <a href="http://www.oracle.com/" aria-label="Oracle" title="Oracle"><span class="oracle-logo"></span></a>
                    &nbsp; &copy; 2019, Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="social-icons">
                <a aria-label="Join us on Facebook" title="Join us on Facebook" href="http://www.facebook.com/mysql"><span class="icon-facebook-square"></span></a>
                <a aria-label="Follow us on Twitter" title="Follow us on Twitter" href="https://twitter.com/mysql"><span class="icon-twitter-square"></span></a>
                <a aria-label="Follow us on LinkedIn" title="Follow us on LinkedIn" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/mysql"><span class="icon-linkedin-square"></span></a>
                <a aria-label="Visit our YouTube channel" title="Visit our YouTube channel" href="http://www.youtube.com/mysqlchannel"><span class="icon-youtube-square"></span></a>
            </div>
            <br class="clear" />
        </div>
        <div id="footer-links">

            <div id="footer-nav"></div>

            <div class="links">
                <ul>
                    <li class="top"><a href="https://www.mysql.com/products/">Products</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.mysql.com/cloud/">Oracle MySQL Cloud Service</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.mysql.com/products/enterprise/">MySQL Enterprise Edition</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.mysql.com/products/standard/">MySQL Standard Edition</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.mysql.com/products/classic/">MySQL Classic Edition</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.mysql.com/products/cluster/">MySQL Cluster CGE</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.mysql.com/oem/">MySQL Embedded (OEM/ISV)</a></li>
                </ul>
            </div>

            <div class="links">
                <ul>
                    <li class="top"><a href="https://www.mysql.com/services/">Services</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.mysql.com/training/">Training</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.mysql.com/certification/">Certification</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.mysql.com/consulting/">Consulting</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.mysql.com/support/">Support</a></li>
                </ul>
            </div>

            <div class="links">
                <ul>
                    <li class="top"><a href="https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/">Downloads</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/">MySQL Community Server</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/cluster/">MySQL NDB Cluster</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/shell/">MySQL Shell</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/router/">MySQL Router</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/workbench/">MySQL Workbench</a></li>
                </ul>
            </div>

            <div class="links">
                <ul>
                    <li class="top"><a href="https://dev.mysql.com/doc/">Documentation</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/">MySQL Reference Manual</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://dev.mysql.com/doc/workbench/en/">MySQL Workbench</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://dev.mysql.com/doc/index-cluster.html">MySQL NDB Cluster</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://dev.mysql.com/doc/index-connectors.html">MySQL Connectors</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://dev.mysql.com/doc/#topic">Topic Guides</a></li>
                </ul>
            </div>

            <div class="links">
                <ul>
                    <li class="top"><a href="https://www.mysql.com/about/">About MySQL</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.mysql.com/about/contact/">Contact Us</a></li>
                                                            <li><a href="https://www.mysql.com/buy-mysql/">How to Buy</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.mysql.com/partners/">Partners</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.mysql.com/about/jobs/">Job Opportunities</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.mysql.com/sitemap.html">Site Map</a></li>
                </ul>
            </div>

            
            <div id="footer-logo">
                <a href="http://www.oracle.com/" aria-label="Oracle" title="Oracle"><span class="oracle-logo"></span></a>
                &nbsp; &copy; 2019, Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates
                <div class="footer-legal-links">
                    <a href="https://www.mysql.com/about/legal/">Legal Policies</a> |
                    <a href="http://www.oracle.com/us/legal/privacy/index.htm">Your Privacy Rights</a> |
                    <a href="http://www.oracle.com/us/legal/terms/index.html">Terms of Use</a> |
                    <a href="http://www.oracle.com/us/legal/third-party-trademarks/index.html">Trademark Policy</a> |
                    <a href="http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/community/oca-486395.html">Contributor Agreement</a> |
                    <div id="teconsent" style="display: inline-block"><script async="async" type="text/javascript" src="js/notice.js" crossorigin=""></script></div>
                </div>
            </div>

        </div>
    </footer>
</div>

        <script src="js/s_code_remote.js"></script>

        
    
</body>
</html>
